September 11, 2019, Strategic Culture Foundation (Russia) https://www.strategic-culture.org/news/2019/09/11/end-modern-diplomacy/
Modern diplomacy can generally be
traced back to the late 19th century and the intercession of
professional diplomats in the foreign relations between major and minor powers
of the era. International negotiations to resolve problems were primarily
handled by diplomats prior to politicians giving their assent to peace treaties
and compacts. The Congress of Berlin of 1878 and 1905 Treaty of Portsmouth (New
Hampshire) helped resolve the Russo-Turkish War and Russo-Japanese War,
respectively. These early diplomatic efforts would eventually lead to treaties
establishing the League of Nations, the International Court of Justice, and the
United Nations, in addition to a variety of regional and specialized
international agencies. Each of these international agencies brought into being
a corps of international diplomats who, for the most part, were committed to
hammering out disputes between nations through negotiations and not armed
conflict. The lessons of World Wars I and II provided an impetus for nations to
commit to dialogue rather than war.
In recent years, the world has seen
the rise of anti-diplomacy occasioned by the appearance on the world stage of
political brutes, all operating
